Pay attention to the verb “appoint”.
Political discussions may establish who should lead a ministry. The constitutional proposal comes from the Chancellor. Formal appointment is then the Federal President’s responsibility.
The Bundestag elects the Chancellor, but does not separately elect every minister into office. Ministers later taking their oath before the Bundestag is another step, distinct from appointment.
The other three answers
The other presidential offices have different responsibilities.
the President of the Federal Constitutional Court
The leadership of the Federal Constitutional Court belongs to the judiciary. It does not appoint Federal Government members.
the President of the Bundesrat
The President of the Bundesrat leads the states’ representative body. This is not the regular appointing office sought here.
the President of the Bundestag
The Bundestag President leads parliament. Taking an oath before the Bundestag does not make its President the appointing authority.
Appointment and government leadership remain separate.
Appointing ministers does not make the Federal President the political leader of the government. Government leadership belongs to the Chancellor.
The question concerns federal ministers. State constitutions and procedures govern state governments.
Article 64 · Basic Law ↗Chancellor proposes ministers → Federal President appoints.
Link each office with its verb; the sequence is more useful than similar names.
Three words for this question
- ernennento appoint
- To formally install a person in office.
- vorschlagento propose
- To put someone forward for office without thereby making the appointment.
- der Amtseidoath of office
- A formal undertaking required when taking office.