The right exists; the planned event is notified.
Article 8 of the Basic Law protects peaceful, unarmed assembly. Laws may set further rules for outdoor assemblies. Authorities need to be able to consider matters such as protecting the assembly, traffic and other people’s rights.
The responsible body depends on the location and applicable assembly law. Some federal states have their own Acts. The useful learning rule is therefore not “the same form everywhere”, but to notify the responsible body of the planned public demonstration in good time.
The other three answers
The alternatives turn a fundamental right into either unlimited freedom or a general prohibition.
They don't have to do anything. You can demonstrate anywhere in Germany at any time.
“Anywhere at any time” is too broad. Planned public outdoor assemblies have notification rules; other people’s rights and statutory restrictions can also matter.
They can't do anything because demonstrations are generally prohibited in Germany.
Demonstrations are not generally prohibited. Peaceful assembly is protected as a fundamental right. The question asks for a preparatory step, not for abandoning the right.
Maik and Sybille must found a new association because only associations are allowed to demonstrate.
It is not true that only associations may demonstrate. A group does not first have to create an association for its planned assembly. Notification rules apply independently of that claim.
Notification is not the same as permission; spontaneous is not the same as planned.
The exam describes a planned event. Genuine spontaneous assemblies do not require advance notification; urgent assemblies have special rules. A notification requirement must therefore not be applied indiscriminately to every possible assembly.
Deadlines and procedures must be checked in the applicable law. Section 14 of the federal Act, for example, specifies 48 hours before public announcement, not simply 48 hours before the demonstration starts. State law and particular locations can involve further details.
Notification of an assembly · Assembly law ↗Planned public street demonstration → notify in advance.
Remember the distinction too: notification helps organise the event and is not general permission for political views.
Three words for this question
- die Versammlungassembly
- People gathering to express views together in public.
- anmelden / anzeigento notify
- To inform the responsible authority about a planned event.
- unter freiem Himmeloutdoors
- Outside enclosed rooms, for example on a street or in a square.