Try it for yourself
290Rights when a purchase is defective

Report a defective television to the seller.

Reporting a defect means notifying the seller and asserting the applicable rights. It does not mean taking a replacement without permission.

About 4 min readReviewed: 20 October 2026
AI-generated plain television with a dark screen on a low cabinet.
Civil CodeSection 437 · Defect remedies
Symbolic purchased device; a dark screen alone does not establish an actual defect.
The short answer

Report the television as defective.

The appropriate response is to report the defect to the seller. A defective item can trigger statutory remedies. These include, in particular, having the defect repaired or receiving a defect-free replacement under the applicable rules.

Try it for yourselfExam question · No. 290
You bought a television in Germany. At home you unpack the television, but it doesn't work. The television is broken. What can you do?

Choose one answer. Your result stays on this page only.

Describe the fault and identify the purchase.

“The television does not work” is the question’s starting point. In practice, a specific description helps: what happens when it is switched on normally, and which purchase is involved? The complaint concerns defective performance under the purchase contract.

Section 439 generally provides a choice between repair and delivery of a defect-free replacement. The choice has statutory limits, for example where costs are disproportionate. The item must be made available to the seller for the remedy; under this rule, the seller bears the necessary costs.

Two fictional adults with long light and short dark hair talk beside a plain box.
AI-generated everyday scene without an actual receipt, customer data or guarantee promise.

The other three answers

The incorrect answers do not address the defect through the appropriate process.

write a report

A broken device does not by itself prove a criminal offence. A criminal report is therefore not the ordinary response to the defect described.

exchange the device without asking

A replacement must not be taken without permission. Delivery of a defect-free item is handled with the seller as part of the remedy.

extend the warranty

Extending a guarantee does not remedy the existing fault. Statutory defect remedies do not depend on buying an extended guarantee.

A guarantee, statutory remedies and immediate repayment are different.

A guarantee is an additional promise governed by its terms. It does not replace statutory rights against the seller. The terms are often confused in everyday speech; the question first requires the appropriate step of reporting the defect.

Withdrawal from the contract, a price reduction or damages each have their own conditions. A defect does not always create an immediate right to a refund. Whether a particular fault is covered and which remedies exist depend on the purchase and circumstances.

Section 437 · Defect remedies · Civil Code ↗
Your memory cue

Defect after purchase: report it to the seller.

Describe the defect and clarify the remedy; do not take a replacement on your own authority.

Three words for this question

reklamierento report a defect
Reporting a defect and asserting the applicable rights.
die Nacherfüllungremedy through repair or replacement
Repairing the defect or supplying a defect-free item under the applicable rules.
die Garantieguarantee
An additional promise by a guarantor alongside statutory defect remedies.
Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch · § 437 ↗
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Sources & context

An independently written study guide, not an official BAMF publication or advice for an individual case. The sources below were reviewed on 20 October 2026 for the claims explained here; the test question comes from the existing question bank.

The two editorial pictures are AI-generated illustrations. They do not document real events or official proceedings.